1760s
1760
1760 – Pierre de Rigaud, Governor of New France, capitulates (September 8) to Field Marshal Jeffrey Amherst. This ends most fighting in North America between France and Great
Britain in the French
and Indian War.
Amherst becomes the First British Governor-General of territories that would
later become Canada plus lands (Ohio Country and Illinois Country) west of the American Colonies.
1760 – King George
II of Great Britain dies
(October 25) and is succeeded by his grandson George III.
1761
1761 - New
England Planters immigrate to Nova Scotia, Canada (1759-1768) to take up lands
left vacant after the Expulsion
of the Acadians.
1763
1763 – The Treaty
of Paris (February 10) formally ends the French
and Indian War.
France cedes most of its territories in North America to Great Britain, but Louisiana west of the Mississippi River is ceded toSpain.
1763 –
Previously allied
with France, Native American tribes in the Great Lakes region resist the policies of the
British under Amherst. Pontiac's
Rebellion begins, lasting until 1766.
1763 – King
George's Royal
Proclamation of 1763 (October
7) establishes administration in territories newly ceded by France. To prevent
further violence between settlers and Native Americans, the Proclamation sets a
western boundary on the American colonies.
1764
1764 – The Sugar Act (April 5), intended to raise
revenues, and the Currency Act (September 1), prohibiting the
colonies from issuing paper money, are passed byParliament. These Acts, coming during the
economic slump that followed the French and Indian War, are resented by the
colonists and lead to protests.
1765
1765 – To help
defray the cost of keeping troops in America, Parliament enacts (March 22) the Stamp Act, imposing a tax on many types of
printed materials used in the colonies. Seen as a violation of rights, the Act
sparks violent demonstrations in several Colonies. Virginia's House
of Burgesses adopts (May 29) the Virginia Resolvesclaiming that, under British law,
Virginians could be taxed only by an assembly to which they had elected
representatives. Delegates from nine colonies attend the Stamp
Act Congress which adopts (October 19) a Declaration of Rights and Grievances and petitions Parliament and the
king to repeal the Act.
1765 –
Parliament enacts (March 24) the Quartering Act, requiring the Colonies to provide housing, food, and other
provisions to British troops. The act is resisted or circumvented in most of
the colonies. In 1767 and again in 1769, Parliament suspended the governor and
legislature of New
York for failure to comply.
1766
1766 – The
British Parliament repeals (March 18) the unpopular Stamp Act of the previous year, but, in the
simultaneous Declaratory Act, asserts its "full power and
authority to make laws and statutes ... to bind the colonies and people of
America ... in all cases whatsoever".
1766 – Liberty Pole erected in New York City commons in celebration
of the Stamp Act repeal (May 21). An intermittent skirmish with the British
garrison over the removal of this and other poles, and their replacement by the Sons of Liberty, rages until the Province
of New York is under the control of the
revolutionary New
York Provincial Congress in
1775
1767
1767 – The Townshend Acts, named for Chancellor
of the Exchequer Charles Townshend, are passed by Parliament (June
29), placing duties on many items imported into America.
1768
1768 - In
April, England's Secretary of State for the Colonies, Lord Hillsborough, orders
colonial governors to stop their own assemblies from endorsing Adams' circular
letter. Hillsborough also orders the governor of Massachusetts to dissolve the
general court if the Massachusetts assembly does not revoke the letter. By
month's end, the assemblies of New Hampshire, Connecticut and New Jersey have
endorsed the letter.
1768 - In May,
a British warship armed with 50 cannons sails into Boston harbor after a call
for help from custom commissioners who are constantly being harassed by Boston
agitators. In June, a customs official is locked up in the cabin of the
Liberty, a sloop owned by John Hancock. Imported wine is then unloaded
illegally into Boston without payment of duties. Following this incident,
customs officials seize Hancock's sloop. After threats of violence from
Bostonians, the customs officials escape to an island off Boston, then request
the intervention of British troops.
1768 - In July,
the governor of Massachusetts dissolves the general court after the legislature
defies his order to revoke Adams' circular letter. In August, in Boston and New
York, merchants agree to boycott most British goods until the Townshend Acts
are repealed. In September, at a town meeting in Boston, residents are urged to
arm themselves. Later in September, English warships sail into Boston Harbor,
then two regiments of English infantry land in Boston and set up permanent
residence to keep order.
1769
1769 – To the Betrayed
Inhabitants of the City and Colony of New York broadside published by the local Sons of Liberty (c. December)
1770s
1770
1770 – Golden
Hill incident in which British troops wound
civilians, including one death (January 19)
1770 – Lord
North becomes Prime Minister of Great
Britain (January 28)
1770 – Boston Massacre (March 5)
1771
1771 – Battle
of Alamance in North Carolina (May 16)
1772
1772 – Samuel Adams organizes the Committees
of Correspondence
1772 – Gaspee Affair (June 9)
1772 – The Watauga
Association in what would become Tennessee
declares itself independent.
1773
1773 – Parliament passes the Tea Act (May 10)
1773 – Association
of the Sons of Liberty in New York published by local Sons of Liberty (December 15)
1773 – Boston Tea Party (December 16)
1774
1774 – Benjamin Franklin, Massachusetts' agent in London, is
questioned before Parliament
1774 – Lord
Dunmore's War
1774 – British
pass Intolerable Acts, including:
Boston Port Act (March 31)
Administration of Justice Act (May 20),
Massachusetts
Government Act (May 20),
A second Quartering Act (June 2), and
1774 – The Powder Alarm, General Gage's secret raid on the
Cambridge powder magazine (September 1)
1774 – The First
Continental Congress meets;
twelve colonies send delegates
1774 – Burning
of the HMS
Peggy Stewart (October 19)
1774 - Petition
to the King (October 26)
1774 – Greenwich
Tea Party (December 22)
1775
1775 – Battles of Lexington and Concord, followed by the Siege of Boston (April 19)
1775 - Gunpowder
Incident April 20)
1775 –
Skenesboro, New York (now Whitehall,
New York) captured by
Lt Samuel Herrick. (May 9)
1775 – Fort Ticonderoga captured by Ethan Allen, Benedict
Arnold and the Green Mountain Boys. (May 10)
1775 – Battle
of Bunker Hill (June 17)
1775 – The Second
Continental Congress meets
1775 – Olive
Branch Petition sent
to King George III
1775 – Henry Knox transported fifty-nine captured
cannons (taken from Fort Ticonderoga and Fort Crown Point) from upstate New York to Boston,
MA. Trip took 56 days to complete. (Dec. 05, 1775 to Jan. 24,1776)
1776
1776 – New Hampshire ratifies the first state
constitution
1776 – Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense (January 10)
1776 – Battle of Nassau (March 3–4)
1776 – Battle
of Turtle Gut Inlet (June
29)
1776 – The
Second Continental Congress enacts (July 2) a resolution declaring independence from the British Empire, and then
approves (July 4) the written Declaration of Independence.
1776 – Battle
of Long Island,
a.k.a. Battle of
Brooklyn (August 27)
1776 – British prison ships begin in Wallabout Bay, New York
1776 – Staten Island Peace Conference (September 11)
1776 – Landing
at Kip's Bay (September 15)
1776 – Battle
of Harlem Heights (September
16)
1776 – Great
Fire of New York (September
21–22)
1776 – Nathan Hale captured and executed for espionage (September 22)
1776 – Battle
of Valcour Island (October
11)
1776 – Battle
of White Plains (October
29)
1776 – Battle
of Fort Washington (November
16)
1776 – Battle
of Fort Lee (November 20)
1776 – Battle of Trenton (December 26)
1777
1777 – Second
Battle of Trenton (January
2)
1777 – Battle
of Princeton (January 3)
1777 – Forage War
1777 – Battle
of Bound Brook (April 13)
1777 – Middlebrook
encampment (May
28 – July 2)
1777 – Fort Ticonderoga abandoned by the Americans due to
advancing British troops placing cannon on Mount Defiance. (July 5)
1777 – British
retake Fort Ticonderoga. (July 6)
1777 – Battle
of Hubbardton (July 7, 1777)
1777 – Delegates
in Vermont, which was not one of the Thirteen Colonies, establish a republic and adopt (July 8) a constitution—the
first in what is now the territory of the United States to prohibit slavery. (Vermont would become the fourteenth state in
1791.)
1777 – Battle
of Short Hills (July 26)
1777 – Battle
of Oriskany (August 6)
1777 – Battle
of Bennington (August 16)
1777 – Battle
of Brandywine (September 11)
1777 – Battle of Paoli (Paoli Massacre) (September 20)
1777 – British
occupation of Philadelphia (September 26)
1777 – Battle
of Germantown (October 4)
1777 – Two Battles
of Saratoga (September 19 and October 7)
conclude with the surrender of the British army under General Burgoyne.
1777 – Battle
of Red Bank (October 22)
1777 – Articles
of Confederation adopted
by the Second Continental Congress (November 15)
1777 – Battle
of White Marsh (December 5 – December 8)
1777 – Battle
of Matson's Ford (December
11)
1777–1778 –
Continental Army in winter quarters at Valley Forge (December 19 – June 19)
1778
1778 – Treaty
of Alliance with France (February 6)
1778 – Battle
of Barren Hill (May 20)
1778 – British
occupation of Philadelphia ends (June)
1778 – Battle
of Monmouth (June 28)
1778 - Capture
of Savannah (December 28) British successfully
launch their southern strategy
1778–1779 –
Continental Army in winter quarters at Middlebrook
encampment (November
30 – June 3)
1779
1779 – Battle
of Stony Point (July 16)
1779 – Battle
of Paulus Hook (August 19)
1779–1780 –
Continental Army in winter quarters at Morristown (December–May)
1780
January 15 –
Congress establishes the Court of Appeals in Cases of Capture to provide for final adjudication of
appeals from state court prizecases involving disposition of ships
and cargo allegedly seized from the British.
January 28 – A stockade known as Fort Nashborough is founded on the banks of the Cumberland River.Two years later the site is renamedNashville.
February 1 –
Some 8,000 British forces under General Henry Clinton arrive in Charleston,
South Carolina,
from New York.
February 1 – New York cedes to Congress its western claims,
including territory west of Lake Ontario. In 1792 New York will sell the Erie Triangle to Pennsylvania
March 14 – Bombardment
of Fort Charlotte:
After a two-week siege,
Spanish general, colonial governor of Louisiana, and Viceroy
of New SpainBernardo
de Gálvez captures Fort Charlotte, taking the port of Mobile (in present-day Alabama) from the British. Fort Charlotte
was the last remaining British frontier post capable of threatening New Orleans in Spanish
Louisiana. Its fall
drove the British from the western reaches ofWest Florida and reduced the British military
presence in West Florida to its capital, Pensacola.
April 8 – Siege
of Charleston:
British Army troops under General Henry Clinton and naval forces under Admiral Mariot Arbuthnot besiegeCharleston,
South Carolina.
British ships sail past Fort Moultrie on Sullivan's Island to occupy Charleston Harbor. Washington will order
reinforcements to Charleston, but the city falls on May 12 in what is arguably
the worst American defeat of the war.
May 6 – Siege
of Charleston: Fort Moultrie falls to the British.
May 12 – Siege
of Charleston:
American General Benjamin Lincoln surrenders Charleston to the British.
The British lose 255 men while capturing a large American garrison.
May 29 – Battle of Waxhaws: A clash between Continental Army forces under Abraham Buford and a mainly Loyalist force led by Banastre Tarleton occurs near Lancaster,
South Carolina in the Waxhaws area (close to present-day Buford). The British destroyed the
American forces.
June 6 – Battle
of Connecticut Farms
June 23 – Battle
of Springfield.
With the attempted British invasion of New Jersey stopped at Connecticut Farms
and Springfield, major fighting in the North ends.
August 16 - Battle of Camden. British General Cornwallis gains a humiliating victory over Gates in South Carolina.
September 23 – John André captured and the treason of Benedict Arnold is exposed
September 26 - Battle
of Charlotte
October 7 – Battle
of Kings Mountain
1781
January 17 - Battle of Cowpens
March 1 – Articles
of Confederation ratified
March 15 – Battle of Guilford Court House
September 5 - Battle
of the Chesapeake
September 8 - Battle
of Eutaw Springs
October 19 –
The British surrender at Yorktown
December 31 – Bank
of North America chartered
1782
February 27 –
The British House of Commons votes against further war, informally recognizing
American independence.
December 14 –
British evacuate Charleston,
South Carolina
1783
September 3 –
The Treaty
of Paris (1783) ends
the American
Revolutionary War
November 25 –
The British
evacuate New York,
marking the end of British rule, and General George Washington triumphantly
returns with the Continental Army.
1784
January 14 –
The Treaty of Paris is ratified by the Congress.
April 9 – The Treaty
of Paris is ratified by the British
May 12 –
Ratified treaties are exchanged in Paris between the two nations.
August –
"The state of Frankland," later known as Franklin, secedes from North Carolina
1785
Treaty
of Hopewell (November 28)
Congress refuses
admission of Franklin to the Union
1786
Annapolis
Convention fails
1787
Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia
Delaware, Pennsylvania and New Jersey ratify the constitution
1788
North Carolina
reconquers Franklin, which ceases to exist.
Georgia, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maryland, South Carolina, New Hampshire, Virginia and New York ratify the constitution
1789
Constitution goes into effect
George
Washington is inaugurated as President in New York City
The First
United States Congress passes
the Judiciary
Act of 1789 and Hamilton tariff
November 21 – North Carolina becomes the 12th state to ratify the
Constitution, with a vote of 194–77
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